Monday, 1 September 2014

Bihar-Gaya

Prestshila Hills

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The Prestshila Hills, Gaya in Bihar is a legendary place in Bihar. It is said that there used to be a demon called Gaya who was very much shocked at the distress caused by death. He expressed his sorrow to Lord Vishnu. Lord Vishnu was very happy to see that a demon had such a kind heart and gave him a boon by virtue of which he could forgive the sinners.
 
Prestshila Hills, Gaya of Bihar is situated at a distance of 100 kilometers to the south of Patna. The age old town of Gaya is of tremendous importance to the Hindus as well as the Buddhists. 
 
Prestshila Hills, Gaya in Bihar lies in the close vicinity of the Phalgu river. The peculiarity of this river is that the water cannot be seen from outside. It always remains under a thick layer of silt and sand. People who go to Gaya dig holes in the river to take out its water.
 
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The Prestshila Hills, Gaya encloses a region in Bihar which has got the famous places like that located at around 3 kilometers from the center of the town of Gaya and which has got the Bodhi tree. This is the place where Lord Buddha was blessed with enlightenment. 
 
Gaya is noted for many holy shrines of which special mention should be made of the Vishnupad Temple. On the south of it you will find the Bodh Gaya.

Dungeshwari Temple

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Dungeshwari Cave Temples, also known as Mahakala caves, is situated 12 km north-east of Bodhgaya, Bihar. There are three caves containing Buddhist shrines, where the Buddha is believed to have meditated. Dungeshwari Cave Temples are the ancient caves, located 12 km northeast of Bodhgaya. These are caves Lord Buddha underwent years of self-mortification before descending to Bodhgaya. Three main caves contain several shrines for Buddhists and one for Hindus. Dungeshwari cave temples are also popular as Sujata Sthan to local people. An interesting story is being famous on this temples. It is believed that when Buddha was doing his self-mortification, he became frail, feeble and starved. When he rested under a Banayan tree, a doomed village women named Sujata offered him food. Buddha accepted her offerings and consumed the food, his explicit approval presented him with a divine truth that neither extreme self indulgence nor self-abasement is the right way to attain enlightenment. Buddha attained the knowledge that folow the middle path was require to attain the supreme nirvana. Sujata Sthan or Dungeshwari Temple stands as a symbol commemorating this event.
 
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The Dungeshwari cave temples are also known as the Mahakala caves located 12 kms northeast of Bodhgaya.Lord Budha underwent years of penance here before he descended to Bodhgaya. A path across the river and up to the temples is 9km from Bodhgaya on the road to Gaya. There are three main caves containing Hindu and Buddhist shrines.

Sujata Garh

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Sujata Garh, a site situated north of the village in Bodh Gaya, Bihar state of India. It is named after the maiden Sujata, the daughter of the village chief. You can see a stupa, which is 11 meter high from the ground which was built to commemorate Sujata.
 
It is believed that Buddha, before attaining enlightenment came to this place and was offered milk by Sujata.Tourists from all around the world visit this place to see the stupa. The view of the entire village from the top of the stupa is captivating.
 
The tree on the top of the stupa is also very amazing and unbelievable. But the present condition of this memorial is very pathetic as it is not cared by the concerned people. 
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This stupa near Bodh Gaya commemorates Sujata, the village girl who offered Siddhartha the milk rice that ended his ascetic practices (fasting) which led to his meditation practice and to enlightenment.
 
Born into a royal family in Lumbini (now Nepal), Siddhartha led a sheltered life. At the age of 29, Siddhartha ventured outside the palace complex several times, despite his father's wishes. As a result, he discovered the suffering of his people through encounters with an old man, a diseased man, a decaying corpse, and an ascetic. These are known among Buddhists as "The Four Sights," one of the first contemplations of Siddhartha. The Four Sights eventually prompted Gautama to abandon royal life and take up a spiritual quest to free himself from suffering by living the life of a mendicant ascetic—a respectable spiritual practice at the time.
 
Ascetics practised many forms of self-denial, including severe undereating. One day, after almost starving to death, Gautama accepted a little milk and rice from a village girl named Sujata. After this experience, he concluded that ascetic practices such as fasting, holding one's breath, and exposure to pain brought little spiritual benefit. He viewed them as counterproductive due to their reliance on self-hatred and mortification. He abandoned asceticism, concentrating instead on anapanasati meditation (awareness of breathing), thereby discovering what Buddhists call the Middle Way, a path of moderation between the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification.

80 foot buddha statue

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The unveiling and consecration of the Great Buddha Statue took place on November 18, 1989. The consecration ceremony was graced with the presence of His Holiness the XIVth Dalai Lama, who blessed the 25-meter statue, the first great Buddha ever built in the history of India. The Statue is now a symbol of the holy place Bodhgaya, next to Mahabohdi Temple which is a World Heritage site, and enjoys constant visits of pilgrims from all over the world. Among local people, it is nicknamed "the 80-foot (25-meter) Buddha Statue."
 
Under the slogan "Spread Buddha's rays to the Whole World," Daijokyo spent seven years on construction of the Great Buddha Statue, mobilizing 120,000 masons in total. The greatest driving force for this massive project was the pure heart of people, who wish for further expansion of Buddhism from the holy place Bodhgaya, as well as for the realization of world peace. We Daijokyo believers shall never forget this fact.
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The Giant Buddha Statue is one of the many stops in the Buddhist pilgrimage and tourist routes in Bodhgaya, Bihar. The statue is 25 m (82 ft)[1] high in meditation pose or dhyana mudra seated on a lotus in open air. It took seven years to complete with the help of 12,000 masons. It is a mix of sandstone blocks and red granite. It is possibly the largest built in India and was consecrated on 18 November 1989 by the 14th Dalai Lama. The foundation stone for the statue was placed in 1982.

Mahabodi Temple

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The most holy site for any Buddhist devotee is the Bodhi tree which stands in the middle of the Mahabodhi temple complex. About 2600 years ago Gautama Siddhartha is supposed to have realised the enlightenment at this very place under a Peepal tree known as Mahabodhi tree. His philosophy, the way to lead human life has evolved as Buddhism. The original Mahabodhi temple is believed to have been built by the emperor Ashoka, after about 250 years of Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana (demise). The present temple had been first restored in 1883, by Sir Alexander Cunningham along with J. D. Beglar and Dr. Rajendralal Mitra to restore Bodh Gaya to its former glory. There is a part of a stone railing surrounding the temple which is the only ancient remains of the past.
Recently a beautiful Meditation Park, a garden space especially designed for meditation with arrangements for suitable seats under the tree shades is built to facilitate the devotees. 
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There are various spots to commemorate the sacred footsteps of Buddha inside the temple complex 
 
1. Vajrasana: Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya Located under the Mahabodhi Tree, next to the Mahabodhi Temple a platform is built to commemorate the holy incidence where the Buddha is believed to have experienced the ‘Silent State’ before his enlightenment, which showed him the path of Buddhahood.
 
2. Animesh Lochan Stupa: Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya
This place is located at the north-east side of Mahabodhi Temple Complex, where Buddha is said to have spent the ‘2nd week’ after his enlightenment. The meaning of Animesh Lochan is unblinking eyes as the Buddha is believed to have gazed at the Bodhi Tree for seven days without blinking his eyes as he was engrossed in a divine pleasure after the Truth of life unfolded before him. A stupa is built at the spot to commemorate this time. 
 
3. Chankraman Asthal: Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya Located at north-west of Mahabodhi Temple inside the temple complex where it is believed the Buddha spent the ‘3rd week’ after his enlightenment. The Buddha spent the entire week walking around at this holy place. A stone structure 53’ long, 3.6’ wide, 3’ high with 19 lotus images in the memory of the footprints of Buddha while in walking state has been built. 4. Ratanghar (Ratnagriha): Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya Located near the entrance of the Mahabodhi Temple Complex the Buddha is said to have spent the ‘4th week’ at this place after his enlightenment. The legend tells that during meditation, a holy light of five colours spread in the whole atmosphere which radiated from Buddha’s body. In the memory of this divine state, we now see a statue of the Buddha in meditation posture at this open place.
These colours now reflect on Buddhist Holy Flag also.
 
5. Azapal Tree: Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya It is located near the entrance of Mahbodhi Temple Complex at the middle of the path that leads to the main temple. At this place a tree named Azapal stood under which the Buddha is said to have spent the ‘5th week’ after his enlightenment.. This divine state is explained in inscription of Burma (Earlier name of Myanmar) on a ‘white stone plate’ situated here. Buddha spent the entire week meditating.
 
6. Muchalind Tank: Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya Situated at the south of Mahabodhi Temple as the legend goes that the Buddha spent here the ‘6th week’ after his enlightenment in a sitting posture. The mythical tale says that a snake king named Muchalind living in this tank saved the Buddha during meditation from heavy storm and rain sent by the ‘dark forces’ to distract him from his divine path.
 
7. Rajayatan: Inside Mahabodhi Temple complex in Bodhgaya Located at the south side of the Mahbodhi Temple Complex here Buddha spent the ‘7th and last Week’ after his enlightenment at this place. In this week he decided to work for mankind. Two businessmen of Utkal Tapassu and Bhallik, who were passing by this place, became his first disciples. After this fist teaching, Buddha started travelling towards Sarnath.
 
It is said that in ancient period, here there have been a Rajat (Silver) Tree, a rare plant. Seventy years back, a plant of the same species was brought from Burma (present Myanmar) and been planted here in the memory of that week, which have shown the mankind - the path of peace and non-violence.

Vishnupad Temple

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Gautama Siddhartha is believed to have piously meditated at this place for six years before he went to Bodhgaya for the final realisation. Two small shrines are built to commemorate this phase of Buddha. A golden emaciated Buddha sculpture memorising the rigid penance is enshrined in one of the cave temples and a large (about 6’ tall) Buddha’s statue in the other. A Hindu goddess deity Dungeshwari is also placed inside the cave temple.
 
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A well maintained concreted path leads to the niche of the hill where the temples are tucked in the hill rocks. There are several Buddha image engravings on the black rocks next to the temple. The gold leafs pasted by the devotees on the black surface of these rocks makes it an exquisite spectacle. There are seven stupa remains on the top of the hill.

Thai Monastery

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View & Feel -One of the oldest foreign monasteries built in the ornamental regal Thai architectural style. The grandeur of the exterior as well as the interior is utterly awe-inspiring. The temple reflects like a red and golden gem over a calm pool at the front patio.
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The splendid Buddha idol along with the mural paintings depicting Buddha’s life and some modern events like importance of planting trees painted in a stylized manner are utterly marvellous.
 
The minimal aesthetics sense of the eating quarter for the monks at the side of the main temple built with bamboo and net structure is truly admirable.

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